无忧雅思论坛's Archiver

James_Foo 发表于 2005-12-20 10:20

[分享]雅思听力之法宝

<P align=center><B>雅思听力之法宝</B><B><?xml:namespace prefix = o /><o:p></o:p></B></P>
<P>判断正误题<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>听力的试题中的判断正误题与阅读试题中的判断正误题有所不同,由于听力的原文只放一次,考生不能像做阅读题那样反复回到原文中去找答案,所以听力试题中的判断正误题一般可以直接从原文中找到答案,而不需要做复杂的推理。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>注意:<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">1. </FONT>替换的出现。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> at no time = never </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">2. </FONT>否定说法。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> at no time , never ,can</FONT>’<FONT face="Times New Roman">t ,must not , by no means , be free of </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">3. </FONT>程度限定词。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>单纯地让考生判断正误难度较低,于是<FONT face="Times New Roman">IELTS</FONT>常用一些程度限定来考查学生。如:<FONT face="Times New Roman">all , some </FONT>之类。对于出现程度限定词的考题,所出现的限定词必定是考点,考生可不看全句,只看主语和程度限定词,有的放矢,题目便迎刃而解。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>常见的两种程度限定:<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>绝对性限定:没有余地的限定。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>如:<FONT face="Times New Roman">all ,must , must not , only , can , can not , at no time, by no means ,already , have done,</FONT>等。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>相对性限定:<FONT face="Times New Roman">part of , some , may ,can , sometimes , maybe , might , unless , except , Only</FONT>…<FONT face="Times New Roman">unless</FONT>…<FONT face="Times New Roman">, in the process of , not yet </FONT>等。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>对于绝对性限定的题目,只要注意有没有相对性限定的词或词组即可解决;而对相对性限定的题目,只须看文中是否有相关的绝对性限定词即可。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>但是如果遇到绝对性限定和相对性限定相结合,同时出现在一道题目中时,应以后出现的限定词为评判标准,也可根据技巧,正确答案总是出现在同一个意群中,一系列干扰信息的最后面,解答这类问题。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>比如题目为<FONT face="Times New Roman">: The Macintosh computer network can only be used by second and third year students. A I N The Macintosh computer network is reserved only for second year and third year students unless you are a first year student of the Graphic </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">Design course. </FONT></P>
<P>此题最后出现的是相对性限定,故应以之为准进行判断,答案为<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">-------- </FONT></P>
<P>填表题<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>填表题是常考题型<FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT>最常考的考点是填一些非隐私的个人信息<FONT face="Times New Roman">. </FONT></P>
<P>比如:<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>:人名<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">Surname </FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">Family name</FONT>姓<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">first name </FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">given name </FONT>名<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">other names </FONT>其他名字或曾用名<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>:国籍<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Nationality </FONT></P>
<P>此处注意原文中经常提到国家名,要由考生自己将其转化成相应名词。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>如:<FONT face="Times New Roman"> "I</FONT>’<FONT face="Times New Roman">m from Japan</FONT>。<FONT face="Times New Roman">"</FONT>所以<FONT face="Times New Roman">nationality </FONT>应为<FONT face="Times New Roman">Japanese</FONT>。又如,<FONT face="Times New Roman">He is from Poland.</FONT>所以,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> nationality </FONT>应该是<FONT face="Times New Roman">Polish. </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>:教育程度<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Education undergraduate </FONT>本科<FONT face="Times New Roman">, postgraduate </FONT>研究生<FONT face="Times New Roman"> , graduate students </FONT>研究生<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>(单说<FONT face="Times New Roman">graduate </FONT>为本科毕业生)<FONT face="Times New Roman">, Ph.D </FONT>博士<FONT face="Times New Roman"> ,diploma </FONT>文凭<FONT face="Times New Roman">, </FONT>毕业证书<FONT face="Times New Roman"> , Associate diploma degree </FONT>学位<FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT>学位证明<FONT face="Times New Roman">. </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">working experience / position / year of experience </FONT>。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">student number </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">6</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">destination </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">7</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">luggage </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">8</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">telephone number </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">9</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">weight </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">10</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">age </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">11</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">height </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">12. passport number </FONT></P>
<P>关于人名和地名<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>雅思考试中人名的拼写与地名的拼写是经常出现的考点。其中的人名和地名一般都是逐个字母拼读出来,考生应一字不差将其听写出来,这也是<FONT face="Times New Roman">surviving skills </FONT>中的一种。拼写的任何一个错误,哪怕是极小的错误,都会导致该题目不得分。这就要求考生基本功扎实,而格外仔细。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>例如<FONT face="Times New Roman">Vancouver </FONT>的读音<FONT face="Times New Roman">"V-A-N-C-O-U-V-E-R"</FONT>,考生必须写成<FONT face="Times New Roman">"Vancouver"</FONT>一字不差。这类题目只要多做练习,加快听抄速度<FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT>就可解决(注意首字母大写)。但要注意英文中<FONT face="Times New Roman">"</FONT>大写<FONT face="Times New Roman">"</FONT>的说法,<FONT face="Times New Roman">"capital"</FONT>。如<FONT face="Times New Roman"> McLean </FONT>的读法是<FONT face="Times New Roman">"capital M-small-C-capital-L-E-A-N" </FONT>同时还需要注意<FONT face="Times New Roman">Sam</FONT>’<FONT face="Times New Roman">s </FONT>的拼读为<FONT face="Times New Roman"> "S-A-M apostrophe S". </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">======================== </FONT></P>
<P>图书馆场景<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>这是一个学术范围的场景,而且与学习生活密切相关,所以在雅思考试中不断重复出现。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>常考特色词:<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">borrow</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">lend</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">journal</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">available</FONT>(可以借到)<FONT face="Times New Roman">, out on loan(</FONT>已借出<FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> newspaper</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">periodical</FONT>(期刊),<FONT face="Times New Roman">current issues</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">reference books</FONT>(参考书目)<FONT face="Times New Roman">, renew</FONT>(续借),<FONT face="Times New Roman">date of expiry</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">be overdue</FONT>(过期的),<FONT face="Times New Roman">be due</FONT>(到期的),<FONT face="Times New Roman"> pay fines(</FONT>交罚金<FONT face="Times New Roman">), return in time </FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">can</FONT>’<FONT face="Times New Roman">t /mustn</FONT>’<FONT face="Times New Roman">t lend it to others, author</FONT>’<FONT face="Times New Roman">s name ,category </FONT>(分类),<FONT face="Times New Roman">catalog</FONT>(目录),<FONT face="Times New Roman">student card number </FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> library card number </FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">librarian </FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">loan period, circulation desk </FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">check out </FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> magnetically coded </FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">magnetize </FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">demagnetize </FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">section</FONT>(部门),<FONT face="Times New Roman">newspaper section </FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">works</FONT>(著作),<FONT face="Times New Roman">interlibrary service, reserve books. </FONT></P>
<P>其中的<FONT face="Times New Roman">interlibrary service</FONT>是指图书馆之间合作,互通有无的借书方式。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">reserve books</FONT>是指将在某一段时间内比较抢手,热门的书目,资料的租借时间缩短,以便让更多的读者能够在这段时间内使用该书。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>比如很多同学都要使用同一本参考书来完成论文,图书馆就会<FONT face="Times New Roman">reserve this book. </FONT></P>
<P>考点:<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>从以上任选几个特色词汇排列组合一下。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>如:是否需要<FONT face="Times New Roman">interlibrary service;</FONT>作品名称,哪年出版,作者姓名;<FONT face="Times New Roman">student card </FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">library card</FONT>多少号;借书费多少钱,几时到期,欠款多少等等。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">------------------------- </FONT></P>
<P>住宿场景<FONT face="Times New Roman">(1) </FONT></P>
<P>住宿场景(<FONT face="Times New Roman">accommodation</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>这是一个典型的<FONT face="Times New Roman">social survival situation</FONT>,考的是一种很基本的生存技能。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>常考特色词汇为:<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">accommodation(</FONT>住宿<FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">flat(</FONT>公寓的单元住房<FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">apartment(</FONT>一套公寓住房<FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">bedroom, kitchen,furnished, stove, air-conditioning, stove, radiator, central air-conditioning, electric fans, furnished(</FONT>配备家具<FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">rental price, available, near, far from, noisy, shared kitchen, no privacy,road (</FONT>常缩写成<FONT face="Times New Roman">Rd.), Street (</FONT>常缩写成<FONT face="Times New Roman">St.), lane (</FONT>小路,车道<FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT>。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P> <FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>其中<FONT face="Times New Roman">flat</FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">apartment</FONT>都是指一套房子,可能包含不止一见房间,所以<FONT face="Times New Roman">each room </FONT>和整个<FONT face="Times New Roman">flat</FONT>或<FONT face="Times New Roman">apartment</FONT>是从属关系,经常会涉及到单复数的问题<FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT>这是一个经常出现的考点。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>如<FONT face="Times New Roman">Each room has an air-conditioning.</FONT>而题目问题是<FONT face="Times New Roman">How is the flat/apartment cooled? </FONT>答案应为<FONT face="Times New Roman">By air-conditionings. </FONT></P>
<P>又如<FONT face="Times New Roman">, There is a radiator in each room. </FONT>问题为<FONT face="Times New Roman"> How is the flat heated? </FONT>答案为<FONT face="Times New Roman"> radiators. </FONT></P>
<P>找房子的过程一般都是先看报纸的广告或是通过学校的介绍,先弄到尽可能详尽的资料,从中选出几个自己比较中意的,然后打电话询问并进行再次筛选,最后决定去看房子。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>许多外国城市在周六晚上就可以买到周日的报纸。想租房子的人买到报纸,仔细研究一下,选出适合自己的房子,第二天一早便开使着手办理具体事情。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>租房时的规律是,离市中心越近,房价越贵;位置如果稍偏僻一些,价钱会比较有吸引力。但便宜的房子一般都会有不理想的地方,如:<FONT face="Times New Roman">not near the center </FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> not near the railway station</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">far from the bus stop</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">near the airport</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">noisy</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> shared kitchen </FONT></P>
<P>(与别人合用厨房)<FONT face="Times New Roman">,insects </FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">noisy</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">there is always a stranger in the next bed</FONT>。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P> <FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>初步研究<FONT face="Times New Roman">For rent (</FONT>房屋招租<FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT>的广告后,就要打电话询问更加具体的情况。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>如,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Is it available now? </FONT>现在能否如住?<FONT face="Times New Roman"> When will it be available? </FONT>何时可以入住?<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Is there a telephone? </FONT>有电话吗?<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">How far is it from</FONT>…<FONT face="Times New Roman">? </FONT>离…有多远?<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Is it furnished? </FONT>房间配备家具吗?<FONT face="Times New Roman"> How is it cooled/heated? </FONT>如何制冷<FONT face="Times New Roman">/</FONT>制热?<FONT face="Times New Roman"> What is the rental price? </FONT>房价多少钱?<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>制冷一般用<FONT face="Times New Roman">air-conditioning,</FONT>有的新式公寓还会有<FONT face="Times New Roman">central air-conditioning(</FONT>中央空调<FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT>。老房子一般用<FONT face="Times New Roman">electric fans</FONT>(电扇)来制冷。<FONT face="Times New Roman">electric stores(</FONT>电炉<FONT face="Times New Roman">),radiators(</FONT>暖气<FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT>来取暖。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>租房时一般较高层的房子较贵<FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT>因为这样的房子噪音小<FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT>阳光充足<FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT>空气质量好<FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT>视野开阔上楼有电梯<FONT face="Times New Roman">.</FONT>所以如果一个租房者手头拮据的话,通常会租低层房屋<FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT>考生可根据此技巧预测答案<FONT face="Times New Roman">. </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">"furnished"</FONT>指配备家具<FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT>一般包括一个炉灶和厨房用品<FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT>桌椅板凳<FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT>一张窗,运气好的话还有床单<FONT face="Times New Roman">(sheet, linen)</FONT>和毛毯<FONT face="Times New Roman">(blanket),</FONT>其他的东西都要由自己来准备<FONT face="Times New Roman">.</FONT>所以千万不要把<FONT face="Times New Roman">(furnished)</FONT>理解成为<FONT face="Times New Roman">"</FONT>装修过的<FONT face="Times New Roman">".</FONT>有的店主还会要求<FONT face="Times New Roman"> "pets not allowed",</FONT>禁止养宠物<FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT>这些在雅思听力考试中都经常出现<FONT face="Times New Roman">. </FONT></P>
<P>房租如果是以<FONT face="Times New Roman">dollar</FONT>为单位<FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT>考生只须写<FONT face="Times New Roman">$</FONT>就可以<FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT>如<FONT face="Times New Roman"> 60dollars </FONT>写成<FONT face="Times New Roman">$60</FONT>就可以<FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT>省时省力<FONT face="Times New Roman">.</FONT>如果是<FONT face="Times New Roman">pounds </FONT>写成£可以<FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT>如:£<FONT face="Times New Roman">60</FONT>。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>雅思考试还常考到<FONT face="Times New Roman">youth hostels (</FONT>青年招待所<FONT face="Times New Roman">),hostel(</FONT>招待所<FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT>比<FONT face="Times New Roman">hotel(</FONT>宾馆<FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT>更便宜<FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT>一般有一间厨房<FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT>一间浴室和几间大卧室<FONT face="Times New Roman">, </FONT>供客人共同使用<FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT>但缺点是要和陌生人一起使用浴室<FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT>厨房甚至住一间房<FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT>所以有些人喜欢清净的则不会考虑它<FONT face="Times New Roman">.</FONT>其优点是方便<FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT>便宜<FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT>有机会结识新朋友<FONT face="Times New Roman">. </FONT></P>
<P>最后要确定的是房子的方位<FONT face="Times New Roman">.</FONT>这时常出现<FONT face="Times New Roman"> **Road,**Street,</FONT>其中<FONT face="Times New Roman">Street</FONT>常缩写<FONT face="Times New Roman">St.,</FONT>另外<FONT face="Times New Roman">lane </FONT>也是经常出现表示<FONT face="Times New Roman"> "</FONT>路<FONT face="Times New Roman">" </FONT>的单词<FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT>一般只小路和车道<FONT face="Times New Roman">.</FONT>交通是否方便是影响房价的重要因素。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>常见词汇和短语<FONT face="Times New Roman">: </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">near the bus station , far from school, </FONT>房子价钱<FONT face="Times New Roman">:lease (</FONT>租约<FONT face="Times New Roman">) ,expensive ,cheap ,utilities(</FONT>房租<FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT>水电费<FONT face="Times New Roman">),rental prices,</FONT>学生没有钱<FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT>房子自然不理想<FONT face="Times New Roman">. </FONT>如:<FONT face="Times New Roman">noisy; wet; near the airport; far from the center; insects haunting; have to prepare some repellant;have no privacy (shared room). </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman"></FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">---------------------------------------------- </FONT></P>
<P>替换原则<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">IELTS</FONT>听力考试中,替换是出题者经常使用的一个原则,而且每套试题中都必然多次出现。这种替换出现在题干中的关键词和关键词组不会在原文中直接出现,而是用同义或近义的表达替换出现。最常见的替换如:<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">1.</FONT>同意词替换如<FONT face="Times New Roman">scientist </FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">researcher </FONT>之间的替换,<FONT face="Times New Roman">disadvantage</FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">downside</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">drawback</FONT>之间的替换,<FONT face="Times New Roman">sign</FONT>替换<FONT face="Times New Roman">indication</FONT>。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">2.</FONT>同义词组的替换如:<FONT face="Times New Roman">miss particularly</FONT>替换<FONT face="Times New Roman"> main attraction</FONT>。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">3.</FONT>主动与被动的替换:<FONT face="Times New Roman">Coffee farming provides work for 30 million people </FONT>替换<FONT face="Times New Roman"> 30 million people earn a living by growing coffee. </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">4.</FONT>加减关系的替换:某题原文为<FONT face="Times New Roman">Er, the bottles made in most places contain about three-quarters new glass and the rest is recycled. </FONT></P>
<P>该题题干为<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Most bottle makers use about __% recycled glass.</FONT>用总数<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>减去<FONT face="Times New Roman">3/4</FONT>得<FONT face="Times New Roman">1/4</FONT>,再转换成百分数即得答案,正确答案为<FONT face="Times New Roman">25%</FONT> <FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>考生在做题时如遇到某到题目题干原文关键词的替换出现,则应提高警惕,该题目的正确答案马上就会出现,切忌一味等待原文中会出现题目中的原文。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>根据这个原则,如果考生在等待某一道题目的相关信息时,下一道题目的替换已经出现,考生应注意自己可能已经漏掉了一道题目。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">---------------------------------------------- </FONT></P>
<P>正态分布原则<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P> <FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>在数学中有一种概念叫做正态分布,意思是说在科学的测验或调查中,总是处在中间部分的个体数量最多,而在两端的个体数量较少。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>例如在参加雅思考试的考生中,得<FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT>分或<FONT face="Times New Roman">6</FONT>分的人数量最多,而考<FONT face="Times New Roman">0</FONT>分,<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>分和<FONT face="Times New Roman">8</FONT>分,<FONT face="Times New Roman">9</FONT>分的人数量很少。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>这是一个非常有用的原则,我们可以根据<FONT face="Times New Roman">"</FONT>中间多,两边少<FONT face="Times New Roman">"</FONT>的原则对题目进行分析,预测和猜答,十分有效。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>此法也可以进一步引申到几种被选答案的平均出现。下面仅举<FONT face="Times New Roman">95</FONT>年使馆样题的三道难度较大的题目进行分析。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">18</FONT>题到<FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT>题是一种难度较大的题型,考生首先要判断题干信息是否正确,如果正确,打勾;如果不正确,应把正确答案填在空白处。根据正态分布的规律,正确答案中必然会有打对勾的题目,所以如果考生只能够做出一道题目,不妨将剩下两个空全部填上对号;如果考生一道题目也做不出来,不妨将三个空全填对号,而答案中<FONT face="Times New Roman">18</FONT>题,<FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT>题答案为对号。这样考生至少就可以答对<FONT face="Times New Roman">2/3</FONT>的题目。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">21</FONT>题到<FONT face="Times New Roman">24</FONT>题,考生通过仔细观察题目会发现,<FONT face="Times New Roman">Type of coffee</FONT>这一横行应填<FONT face="Times New Roman">I</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">R</FONT>,或<FONT face="Times New Roman">E.</FONT>而这一横行中<FONT face="Times New Roman">I</FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">E</FONT>两个选项都已经出现过了,所以如果考生没有做出<FONT face="Times New Roman">21</FONT>题和<FONT face="Times New Roman">24</FONT>题,可以猜答<FONT face="Times New Roman">R</FONT>,而正确答案<FONT face="Times New Roman">21</FONT>题和<FONT face="Times New Roman">24</FONT>题全部选<FONT face="Times New Roman">R. 25</FONT>题到<FONT face="Times New Roman">32</FONT>题,要求考生填<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>分,<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>分或<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>分,根据正态分布原则,考生对于没有听出来的题目,可以猜答<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>分,而正确答案中有<FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT>个是填<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>分。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">---------------------------------------------- </FONT></P>
<P>会议场景<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P> <FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>议场景中,开场白经常是由会议的<FONT face="Times New Roman">president</FONT>或是<FONT face="Times New Roman">organizer</FONT>来进行自我介绍,然后介绍会议的具体内容。除此之外,还要介绍会议的会期多长,这里有一个经常考到的考点<FONT face="Times New Roman">-</FONT>第几次场景。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>如某年真题为<FONT face="Times New Roman"> How many conventions have already been held? A 2 B 3 C 4 D 5 </FONT></P>
<P>原文为<FONT face="Times New Roman">This is our third annual retailers</FONT>’<FONT face="Times New Roman"> convention.</FONT>因为今年是第<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>次会议,所以以前已经举办过<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>次会议,答案为<FONT face="Times New Roman">A. </FONT></P>
<P>第几次场景不光是在会议场景中多次出现,又如,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> How many years have you been studying at this college? A one year;B two years C three years </FONT>原文为<FONT face="Times New Roman"> This is my second year on campus.</FONT>所以此人已经在学校里学习过一年了,答案为<FONT face="Times New Roman">A</FONT>。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>另一个常考的考点是会议地点。这种题的答案一般都是举办会议国家的首都。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>如某年真题为<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Where is the convention being held? A Brisbane B Melbourne C Canberra D Sydney </FONT>根据技巧,我们不用听文章也可根据澳大利亚的首都是<FONT face="Times New Roman">Canberra</FONT>将题目做出,答案为<FONT face="Times New Roman">C</FONT>。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>除此之外,开会的各位还免不了要去首都的各个名胜去观光,所以还会考到如何坐车等问题,一般是考察考生听数字和地名的听写能力,难度不大。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>-------------------------<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>描述人物相貌特征的场景<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P><FONT face="Times New Roman">IELTS </FONT>听力考试中经常会反复考到描述人物相貌特征的场景。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>如<FONT face="Times New Roman">2000</FONT>年<FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT>月末北京地区的听力考题,<FONT face="Times New Roman">section 1 </FONT>考到了两名强盗抢劫一位老妇的场景,其中问到了两名罪犯的相貌特征。一名罪犯的特征是瘦而且高<FONT face="Times New Roman">slim and tall, </FONT>而另一名罪犯的特征是下巴(<FONT face="Times New Roman">chin</FONT>)上有一道疤痕<FONT face="Times New Roman">scar.</FONT>针对这种题目,考生只要做好了充分的准备,熟悉常见的描述人物相貌特征的词汇,就可以做到以不变应万变,顺利解题。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>形容人物面部特征的常用词汇有<FONT face="Times New Roman">: beard</FONT>下巴上的胡子<FONT face="Times New Roman">, moustache </FONT>上唇的胡子<FONT face="Times New Roman">, clean-shaven</FONT>胡子刮得很干净的。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>形容头发:<FONT face="Times New Roman">pigtail</FONT>辫子<FONT face="Times New Roman">, curly hair</FONT>卷发<FONT face="Times New Roman">, wavy hair</FONT>卷发<FONT face="Times New Roman">, straight hair</FONT>直发<FONT face="Times New Roman">, short hair</FONT>短头发<FONT face="Times New Roman">, long hair</FONT>长头发<FONT face="Times New Roman">, spiky hair </FONT>短而直的头发。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>表示眼镜的说法有<FONT face="Times New Roman">glasses</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">spectacles, lens. </FONT>其他描述面部特征的词汇还有<FONT face="Times New Roman"> dimple</FONT>酒窝<FONT face="Times New Roman">, scar</FONT>疤痕以及是否佩带<FONT face="Times New Roman">jewelry</FONT>珠宝等等<FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT>。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>从服装特征来区分人:正式的服装<FONT face="Times New Roman">formal dress: suit and tie </FONT>非正式的服装<FONT face="Times New Roman">casual dress: jeans and T shirts </FONT>从服装的宽松程度来区分<FONT face="Times New Roman"> loose clothes/tight clothes. </FONT>从服装的颜色来区分:由于从试卷上只能看出颜色的深浅而不能看出具体颜色,所以<FONT face="Times New Roman">IELTS</FONT>听力考试中凡是涉及到颜色的时侯,只能考颜色的深浅和黑与白这样简单的区分。如<FONT face="Times New Roman">white</FONT>白色<FONT face="Times New Roman">,dark</FONT>黑色<FONT face="Times New Roman">,black</FONT>黑色<FONT face="Times New Roman">,light</FONT>浅色。注意区分<FONT face="Times New Roman"> shirt</FONT>男式衬衫和女裙<FONT face="Times New Roman">skirt</FONT>的拼写。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P>人物的体形描述:<FONT face="Times New Roman">tall</FONT>高,<FONT face="Times New Roman">high</FONT>高<FONT face="Times New Roman">,short</FONT>矮<FONT face="Times New Roman">, small </FONT>矮小的,<FONT face="Times New Roman">fat</FONT>胖,<FONT face="Times New Roman">stout </FONT>肥胖的,<FONT face="Times New Roman">stocky </FONT>粗壮的,<FONT face="Times New Roman">slim</FONT>瘦的<FONT face="Times New Roman">, thin</FONT>瘦的,<FONT face="Times New Roman">slender</FONT>苗条的,瘦长的,<FONT face="Times New Roman">medium-built</FONT>中等身材的。<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
<P><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman"></FONT></o:p></P>

phhusm 发表于 2005-12-20 18:23

gf[em02]

湖南的宝宝 发表于 2005-12-20 18:28

K

wxyzt 发表于 2005-12-20 18:33

<P>ao</P>

huleziyong 发表于 2005-12-20 19:22

aaaaaaaaa要看

a88726022 发表于 2005-12-20 20:27

[em01][em01]

蓝妹妹 发表于 2005-12-20 20:58

[em02]

zhuzhule 发表于 2005-12-21 03:19

hen

qsl96315 发表于 2005-12-21 05:49

666

66666666

midsep 发表于 2005-12-21 06:22

回复

biggio 发表于 2005-12-21 07:02

[em02][em02][em02][em02]

quincy0625 发表于 2005-12-21 08:26

[em11][em11][em11]

拿什么整死你我的爱人 发表于 2005-12-21 11:48

greatiger 发表于 2005-12-21 18:06

[em01]

Uman 发表于 2005-12-21 19:06

ok

hshbb 发表于 2005-12-21 19:07

ding!~~~~~~~~~~~~

kongjingzi 发表于 2005-12-21 19:53

thank you

<P>see see</P>

zhangxilg 发表于 2005-12-21 20:03

<P>exellecent</P>

leonlinda 发表于 2005-12-21 20:18

<P>thanks</P>

leonlinda 发表于 2005-12-21 20:19

thanks

hxzerg001 发表于 2005-12-21 20:37

<P>thanks</P>

逗逗668 发表于 2005-12-21 20:39

[em02]

cathy_829 发表于 2005-12-21 20:53

s

Dorian-ly 发表于 2005-12-21 21:52

<P>好可爱</P>

fang1121 发表于 2005-12-21 21:57

thanks

candystsr 发表于 2005-12-21 23:12

[em01]

飞翔猪 发表于 2005-12-21 23:23

111

goddess_tt 发表于 2005-12-22 01:09

<P>o</P>

realname1234 发表于 2005-12-22 01:37

ok

WATERCARE 发表于 2005-12-22 01:42

hui fu

xfshenyan 发表于 2005-12-22 01:55

ddddddddddddddddddd

SUW131 发表于 2005-12-22 02:03

[em06]

yida19790811 发表于 2005-12-22 02:13

[em02]

kittymiaojia 发表于 2005-12-22 02:30

[em02]

abyssgott 发表于 2005-12-22 02:49

[em01]

don_yi 发表于 2005-12-22 02:55

good

leleqqbb 发表于 2005-12-22 03:17

kk

hswangyanmin 发表于 2005-12-22 03:37

[em09]

无忧侠 发表于 2005-12-22 03:42

OK

lyybk 发表于 2005-12-22 03:44

[em01]

页: [1] 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Google
 

Powered by Discuz! Archiver 7.0.0  © 2001-2009 Comsenz Inc.