1.阅读分类词汇-心理
theorem 原理，定理v.s. theory
methodology 方法论 (? method)
physiology 生理学 (à physiological)
psychiatry 精神病学^ psychology, psycho, psychosis, psychoanalysis
correlation 相互关系à correlation coefficient
sensation 感觉，知觉 (另)轰动à sensational
perception 感知，认知
intuition 知觉 (à intuitive)
ESP 第六感 (Extrasensory Perception)
motivate 激励à motivation (^ bonus, commission, …)
incentive 激励因素
stimulus 刺激à stimulate, stimulation
disorder 紊乱，失调
dysfunction 机能障碍dys(=dis) + function
dissonance 不和谐，不一致dis + son(sound) +ance
trauma 创伤 (à traumatic)the trauma caused by Sept. 11
anxiety 焦虑 (= anxiousness)
depression 沮丧 (de + press + ion)~ depressedv.s. repression (压抑)
insomnia 失眠
phobia 恐惧(症) à suffix: -phobia
acrophobia ^ acronym: IELTS, TOEFL…
xenophobia a fear of foreigners or strangers
claustrophobia a fear of being closed in a confined place
allergy 过敏(症)，反感 (à allergic)He is allergic to card playing.
propensity Most boys have a propensity of playing with machinery.= tendency, inclination
paranoid 偏执的? paranoia (偏执狂)
workaholic 工作狂 (? alcoholic)
symptom 症状
diagnosis 诊断(n.)? diagnose (v.)Arthur Haily: “The Final Diagnosis”
electroencephalogram 脑电图^ electrocardiogram (心电图)
assertive 武断的 (? assert)
therapy 治疗法group therapy
hypnotism 催眠术 (~ hypnotize)
prescribe 开药方v.s. subscribe, describe, inscribeà prescription: ~ drugs
antidepressant 抗抑郁药
tranquilizer 镇静药 (? tranquil)
side-effect (+s) 副作用
immune 免疫的，免除的 (à immunity)
rehabilitation 复原，康复
relapse 旧病复发，故态复萌v.s. elapse^ 子在川上曰：逝者如斯夫，不舍昼夜！
chronic 慢性的
adulthood ＜＞ childhood
puberty 青春发动期
adolescence 青春期 (the time of life between puberty and adulthood)
emotional ＜＞ rational
affective 情感的 (? affection)
sane 神智健全的à insane
superstition 迷信à superstitious
telepathy 传心术，通灵术tele(far away) + pathy(heart)^ numerology, palmistry…
apathy 无感情，无兴趣，冷漠 (= indifference)a(no) + pathyv.s. sympathy: sym(same) + pathy
pathology 病理学，病理，病变
delusion 迷惑，欺瞒v.s. illusion
disorientation 迷失 (dis + orientation)~ disoriented
pervert 使反常/变态 反常/变态者à perversion
introspection 内省v.s. retrospection (回顾，反省)
sublimation 纯化，升华? sublime
personality = personal characteristicsmultiple personality (多重人格)
innate 天赋的 in + nate(nature)= inborn, congenital
attribute 属性 (à attributable)
trait 特征，品质national traits 国民性vs. traitor
2.阅读分类词汇-科技
ubiquitous 普遍存在的= omnipresent (^ omniscient, omnipotent)
versatile (人)多才多艺的，(物)通用的à versatility
alchemy 炼金术
transmute 变形，变质transmute silver into gold (!)
arduous 艰巨的 (=strenuous)an arduous task
pitfall 陷阱，未预见之困难
metallurgy 冶金
alloy 合金
aluminum = aluminium (BE)^ calcium, uranium, radium^ copper, brass, bronze
electrode 电极
distill 蒸馏 distilled water
quartz 石英
phosphorus 磷，磷光物质
inflammable 易燃的 (? flame)
combustion 燃烧 (à combustible)spontaneous combustion (white phosphorus)
ceramic 陶瓷的 瓷器 (à ceramics)
insulate 隔离，绝缘à insulator (＜＞ conductor)
fiber 纤维 (BE: fibre)fiber optics (纤维光学)
optics 光学 (à optical)
retina 视网膜
iris 虹膜
opaque 不透明的v.s. transparent, translucent
microprocessor 微处理器^ CPU(Central Processing Unit), chip
binary 二进制的
integrate à integrated, integrationintegrated circuit (IC), system integration (SI)
buffer 缓冲区buffer storage
browser 浏览器 (^ IE, Netscape)
hypertext 超文本
envisage 想象，看作 en + vis(see) + ageThe internet can be envisaged as a network of visual telephone links.
momentous (极为)重要的v.s. momentary
reticular 网状的
Ethernet 以太网
domain 域 domain names
cyberlaw 网络法律 “cyber-“: Internet relatedcyberlove, cybercafe, …
patent 专利 (à patented)v.s. copyright, ^ pirated software/VCD’s
chronological 按时间顺序的 “chron”: time^ chronic, chronicle, chronograph
robot 机器人(“肉包它”)à robotics
artificial 人造的，做作的artificial satellite/smile
cone 圆锥体，锥形物the nose cone of a missile
Jupiter 木星^ Mercury, Venus, Mars, Saturn
exorbitant 过度的，过分的，过高的ex(out) + orbit + ant
centripetal 向心(力)的＜＞ centrifugal
high-rise 高楼 (~ skyscraper)
cathedral 大教堂
dome 圆顶 (a hemispherical roof)
infrastructure 基础设施＜＞ superstructure
sewage 污水，下水道
hydraulic 水力的，水压的
landfill 垃圾掩埋(地)
ventilation 通风
thermostat 温控器 thermo(hot) + stat(steady)^ thermos, thermometer, thermonuclear
prefabricate 预先制造à prefab (预制的)
polytechnic 各种工艺的 理工学校Hong Kong Polytechnic
geometric 几何(学)的? geometry, geo(land) + metry(measure)
asymmetry 不对称 a(not) + sym(same) + metry(↑)＜＞ symmetry
concave 凹的 (＜＞ convex)
bilateral 双边的，两方面的＜＞ unilateral
paradoxical “似非而是”的? paradox (悖论)
empirical 经验的empirical law/formula
clockwise 顺时针的 (＜＞ anticlockwise)
3.阅读分类词汇-文化
homogeneous 同质的 homo + gene +ous(＜＞ heterogeneous)^ homo***ual, hetero***ual
mainstream 主流 主流的
dialect 方言 (v.s. accent)
discrepancy 差异
misconception 误解 (mis + concept + ion)= misunderstanding
barrier 障碍(物)~ bar, = barricade
discrimination 区别，歧视racial/***ual discrimination? discriminate (+against)
hierarchy 等级制度heir + arch(govern) + y
insularity 岛国性质 (? insular, ^island)British industry has often been criticized for its linguistic insularity.
microcosm 小天地 micro + cosm(os)
nostalgia = homesickness
patriot 爱国者 (＜＞ traitor)à patriotic, patriotism
compatriot 同胞 同胞的com + patriot
vernacular 本地的，本国的 本地话，本国话the vernacular languages of India
Hispanic An American whose first language was Spanish
immigration 移入~ immigrant, immigratev.s. emigration (~ emigrant, emigrate)
antipodes Any two places or regions on diametrically opposite sides of the Earth“from North America to the Antipodes”
permeate 渗透，弥漫Smoke permeated the house.
entrepreneur 企业家 (~ enterprise)à entrepreneurship
practitioner 开业者，从业者praction(practice) + er
celebrity a famous person= luminary, VIP
proxy 代理人
anecdote 轶事 (à anecdotal)
notoriety 恶名 (? notorious)
counterpart 对应人，对等物Who’s George Bush’s counterpart in China?^ counterculture, counterbalance
peer 同等的人 凝视，窥视(~ peep)
subordinate 下级 下级的＜＞ superior
tactics 战术，技巧v.s. strategy (战略，策略)marketing strategy v.s. selling tactics
nuance a subtle difference in meaning
benchmarking 类比分析
punctual 准时的，守时的 (à punctuality)
absenteeism 旷工absent à absentee à absenteeism
flextime 弹性工作时间flex(flexible) + time
harass 骚扰 (à harassment)Mary said that Gary had ***ually harassed her.
redundancy 冗余，冗员network redundancy
downsize 裁员 (~ lay off)
ballot 投票 (= vote)
impartial 不偏不倚的 (＜＞ partial)
lobby 大堂(n.) 游说(v.)
shortlist (BE) a list of applicants who have been deemed suitable and from which the successful person will be chosen à (v.)
equilibrium 平衡，均衡
questionnaire 调查表，问卷
quantitative 定量的 (＜＞ qualitative)
contingency 偶然性，偶然事件
incur 招致incur debts/hatred/dangerv.s. occur, concur, recur
ethical 伦理的，符合伦理的~ ethics, ＜＞ unethical
dubious 疑惑的，可疑的 (~ doubt)People were dubious about the result.
manifestation 显示，证明 (? manifest)
subtitle 字幕，副标题 (sub + title)^ subsidiary, submarine, subway (BE: underground, tube), suburb(~ downtown, uptown, outskirts)
dubbing 配音录制
vogue 时尚 ^ chic
bizarre 奇异的v.s. weird (怪异的)
mediocre 平庸的
dietitian 饮食学家 (~ diet)
connoisseur 行家，鉴赏家^ entrée, a la carte
4.阅读分类词汇-教育
accommodation (膳宿)供应= room and board
lodging 寄宿(处)
lease 出租 “for lease”, “to let”v.s. rent
tenant 房客，佃户
landlord 房东 à landlady(f)? Lord, ＜＞ tenant
housemate ~ roommate, dormmate^ schoolmate, classmate
dormitory 寝室 (abbrev. dorm)
au pair A young foreigner who lives with a family in return for doing light housework(另) = reciprocal
reciprocal 相互的，互惠的
hostel youth hostel~ hotel
real estate 房地产
vicinity = neighborhood
flat 平的，瘪的 flat tire公寓(= apartment)^ condo, studio
bond = deposit
linen 亚麻的 亚麻织品，床单(= bed linen)
utensil 器皿
stationery 文具 (v.s. stationary)
laundry 洗衣，洗衣店
cafeteria 自助餐厅~ canteen
cater 满足(需要)
aerobics 有氧健身操 “aero”: air
badminton 羽毛球(运动)
baseball 棒球 baseball bat
squash 壁球(运动)
amateur ＜＞ professional
gathering 聚会v.s. meeting, reunion
excursion 远足 (= outing, expedition)
commonwealth 共和国，联邦Commonwealth: 英联邦
tertiary 第三的After purchasing a house and a car, the next major life expenditure is almost certainly the cost of tertiary education.primary à secondary à tertiary
post-secondary “post”: afterpostgraduate, postdoctoral, post-sale, postwar
illiterate 文盲 不识字的il(no) + literate(words)à illiteracy (＜＞ literacy)
discipline 学科，纪律v.s. subject
terminology 术语
faculty department and staff of a college/university
dean (大学)教务长
curriculum 课程 (= course)à extracurricular 课外的
syllabus 课程提纲
calendar 日历，日程 (~ schedule, agenda, timetable)
compulsory 强制的，必修的＜＞ elective (选修的)
examiner ＜＞ examinee^ take/sit, pass/get through, fail, retake/resit
recruit 招生，招募à recruitment= enroll
prestige 声望，威信à prestigious
esteem 尊敬 (n. & v.)your esteemed school/company
aptitude 智力SAT: School Aptitude Test
matriculation 录取入学
vocation 职业 (= calling, occupation, career)à vocationalvocational education
TAFE Technical And Further Education (Australian)
abbreviation 缩略(词)~ abridge (缩短，删节)
transferable (学分等)可转换的
scholarship 奖学金= fellowship
tutorial 辅导(课)? tutor (= lecturer, instructor)
pedagogue 教员，学究~ pedagogy (教育学，教学法)^ demagogue (政治煽动家)
lexicography 词典编撰 (à lexicographer)
assignment 任务，(课外)作业
dissertation 论文 (= thesis)
credential 证明，文凭 “cred”: creditlinguistic credentials
alumni 校友(男)＜＞ alumnae
overestimate 高估 (＜＞ underestimate)
decipher 解码，解释 (= decode)decipher workplace culture
caliber 才干
5.雅思阅读分类词汇--生物/生理
molecule 分子à molecular
cell à cellular
amino à amino acids (氨基酸)
protein 蛋白质
enzyme 酶(proteins that are produced by cells and act as catalysts in specific biochemical reactions)
catalyst 催化剂
chlorophyll 叶绿素“chloro-”: Cl
photosynthesis 光合作用 (photo + synthesis)à photosynthetic
botany 植物学 (＜＞ zoology)à botanist, botanical
flora 植物群
fauna 动物群
bacterium bacteria (pl.) 细菌
fungus fungi (pl.) 真菌
algae alga (pl.) 海藻
herb à herbal: ~ teaà herbicide (^ insecticide, pesticide)
carnation 康乃馨à reincarnation
fade 凋谢，褪色
organism 机体，组织? organ
arthropod 节肢动物v.s. anthropoid (↓)
reptile 爬行动物
amphibian 两栖动物
mammal 哺乳动物 (? mamma!)
primate 灵长目动物
evolution 进化 (? evolve)
anthropoid 类人猿 (“anthrop”: humankind)~ anthropology, philanthropyv.s. ape, gorilla, chimpanzee
gene 基因^ DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)~ genome (基因组)
genetics 遗传学 (à genetical)
helix 螺旋，螺旋壮物… analyze every single gene within the double helix of humanity’s DNA
identical 同一的~ identity (à ID card)^ clone
mutation 突变 gene mutationà mutable, immutable, mutant
predator 捕食者 (＜＞ prey)
embryo 胚胎à embryonic (萌芽的)
roe 鱼子＞＞＞ caviar (鱼子酱)
tadpole 蝌蚪＞＞＞ frog, toad (^ told)
caterpillar 毛毛虫 (cater + pillar)The American Company: Caterpillar (CAT)
grasshopper 蚱蜢，蝗虫 (= locust)grass + hopper, ^ bellhop
cricket 蟋蟀 (另)板球
butterfly v.s. moth^ dragonfly, firefly
pollen 花粉 传粉à pollinate, pollination
hive 蜂房＞＞＞ honey, ^ concoction
larva larvae (pl.) 幼虫v.s. lava
pupa 蛹à pupate
penguin 企鹅v.s. dolphin (海豚)
raccoon 浣熊v.s. kangaroo (袋鼠)
hibernate 冬眠 (=hole up)
torpid 麻木的，蛰伏的v.s. torpedo (鱼雷)
cerebral （大）脑的
hemisphere 半球 (hemi + sphere)
cortex 脑皮层
migraine 偏头疼? migrant
somatic 躯体的
limb 四肢upper/lower limb
anatomy 解剖，剖析
paralyze 使瘫痪 (=incapacitate, immobilize)
artery 动脉 (＜＞ vein)
gland 腺体
pancreas 胰
hormone 荷尔蒙，激素
cholesterol 胆固醇
efficacy 功效v.s. efficiency, effectiveness
6.雅思阅读分类词汇--环境问题
conservation 保护，保存 (? conserve)v.s. conversation
environmentalist = conservationist
acid 酸 酸的 (＜＞alkali)acid rain
carbon 碳 (C) v.s. charcoal (炭)carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide
fume exhaust fumesv.s. smoke, fog, smog
petroleum 石油à petrol (BE) = gasoline/gas (AE)à unleaded petrol/gas
ozone 臭氧 (o + zone)ozone layer
ooze 渗出 渗出物
radiation 辐射ultraviolet(UV) radiation~ radioactive
greenhouse 温室greenhouse effect/gases
solar 太阳的 (solar energy)^ lunar (lunar calendar)
phenomenon 现象
catastrophe = disaster, cataclysm
deterioration 恶化 (? deteriorate)
extinction 灭绝 (? extinct)
species endangered species
drought 干旱 (^ “找它”)＞＞＞ famine v.s. flooding
recurrent 反复发生的re + (oc)cur + rentv.s. concurrent
inundate 淹没 ^ “淹掉它”
embankment 筑堤 (em + bank + ment)
sediment 沉积（物）= deposit
delta 三角洲the Pearl River Delta
alluvial 冲积的
desertification ? desert (v.s. dessert)
dust-storm 沙尘暴^ thunderstorm, brainstorm
barren 贫瘠的，不育的，无效的
dune sand dunethe game “DUNE”!
attributable 归因于be attributable to…
deforestation 滥砍滥伐（森林）de + forest + ation＜＞ afforestation/reforestation
log 原木，日志 伐木v.s. logo
vegetation 植物，植被v.s. vegetable, vegetarian
habitat 栖息地? habit (Habit is the second nature.)
ecosystem 生态系统 (eco + system)~ ecology
viability ? viable “vi”: life养育能力One tool for assessing the impact of forestry on the ecosystem is population viability analysis.
demographic 人口统计的 demo(people) + graph(write) + ic
interdependence inter + dependence
counterbalance 使平衡，弥补 (=offset)counter(against) + balance
mechanism 机理，机制
precipitation 陡降，降水 (? precipice)＜＞ evaporation
circulation 流通，循环
tide à tidal wave (海啸)＜＞ ebb ＜＜＜ earthquake
typhoon ~ tornado, hurricane
meteorology 气象(学)
volcano 火山
eruption 喷发 (? erupt)volcanic eruption ＞＞＞ lava
granite 花岗岩
imminent = impending v.s. eminent
Celsius 摄氏的 37OCv.s. centigrade
Fahrenheit 华氏的
latitude 纬度(另) longitude, altitude
tropical ? (the) tropicstropical/torrid zone, temperate zone, frigid zone
glacier 冰川
dump 倾倒，倾销à anti-dumping
contaminate 弄脏 (à contaminant)
recycle 回收再利用
irreversible 不可逆的 (= irrevocable)
reclaim 开垦，改造 à reclamation
contentious 有争议的 (? contend)Many environmental issues today are highly contentious.
opt 选择(+ for) à option
prioritize 优先考虑 (? prior, priority)
[此贴子已经被作者于2005-5-24 9:20:33编辑过]
