VOA官方词汇(中)

• dam - n. a wall built across a river to hold back flowing water

• damage - v. to cause injury or destruction; n. harm; hurt or injury, usually to things

• dance - v. to move the body and feet to music; n. a series of steps, usually to music

• danger - n. a strong chance of suffering injury, damage or loss

• dark - ad. having little or no light ("The room was dark.")

• date - n. an expression of time; a day, month and year

• daughter - n. a person's female child

• day - n. twenty-four hours; the hours of sunlight

• dead - ad. not living

• deaf - ad. not able to hear

• deal - v. to have to do with ("The talks will deal with the problem of pollution."); to buy or sell ("Her company deals in plastic.")

• debate - v. to argue for or against something; n. a public discussion or argument

• debt - n. something that is owed; the condition of owing

• decide - v. to choose; to settle; to judge

• declare - v. to say; to make a statement

• decrease - v. to make less in size or amount

• deep - ad. going far down; a long way from top to bottom

• defeat - v. to cause to lose in a battle or struggle; n. a loss; the condition of having lost

• defend - v. to guard or fight against attack; to protect

• deficit - n. a shortage that results when spending is greater than earnings, or imports are greater than exports

• define - v. to give the meaning of; to explain

• degree - n. a measure of temperature

• delay - v. to decide to do something at a later time; to postpone; to cause to be late

• delegate - n. one sent to act for another; one who represents another

• demand - v. to ask by ordering; to ask with force

• democracy - n. the system of government in which citizens vote to choose leaders or to make other important decisions

• demonstrate - v. to make a public show of opinions or feelings ("The crowd demonstrated in support of human rights."); to explain by using examples ("The teacher demonstrated the idea with an experiment.")

• denounce - v. to accuse of being wrong or evil; to criticize severely

• deny - v. to declare that something is not true; to refuse a request

• depend - v. to need help and support

• deplore - v. to regret strongly; to express sadness

• deploy - v. to move forces or weapons into positions for action

• depression - n. severe unhappiness; a period of reduced business and economic activity during which many people lose their jobs

• describe - v. to give a word picture of something; to give details of something

• desert - n. a dry area of land

• design - v. to plan or create plans for

• desire - v. to want very much; to wish for

• destroy - v. to break into pieces; to end the existence of

• detail - n. a small part of something; a small piece of information

• develop - v. to grow; to create; to experience progress

• device - n. a piece of equipment made for a special purpose

• dictator - n. a ruler with complete power

• die - v. to become dead; to stop living; to end

• diet - n. usual daily food and drink

• different - ad. not the same

• difficult - ad. not easy; hard to do, make or carry out

• dig - v. to make a hole in the ground

• dinner - n. the main amount of food eaten at a usual time ("The family had its dinner at noon."); a special event that includes food ("The official dinner took place at the White House.")

• diplomat - n. a person who represents his or her government in dealing with another government

• direct - v. to lead; to aim or show the way ("He directed me to the theater."); ad. straight to something; not through some other person or thing ("The path is direct.")

• direction - n. the way (east, west, north, south); where someone or something came from or went to

• dirt - n. earth or soil

• disappear - v. to become unseen; to no longer exist

• disarm - v. to take away weapons; to no longer keep weapons; to make a bomb harmless by removing its exploding device

• discover - v. to find or learn something

• discuss - v. to talk about; to exchange ideas

• disease - n. a sickness in living things, often caused by viruses, germs or bacteria

• dismiss - v. to send away; to refuse to consider

• dispute - v. to oppose strongly by argument; n. an angry debate

• dissident - n. a person who strongly disagrees with his or her government

• distance - n. the amount of space between two places or objects ("The distance from my house to your house is two kilometers.")

• dive - v. to jump into water head first

• divide - v. to separate into two or more parts

• do - v. to act; to make an effort

• doctor - n. a person trained in medicine to treat sick people

• document - n. an official piece of paper with facts written on it, used as proof or support of something

• dog - n. a small animal that often lives with humans

• dollar - n. United States money, one hundred cents

• door - n. an opening for entering or leaving a building or room

• down - ad. from higher to lower; in a low place

• dream - v. to have a picture or story in the mind during sleep; n. a picture or story in the mind during sleep; a happy idea about the future

• drink - v. to take liquid into the body through the mouth

• drive - v. to control a moving vehicle

• drop - v. to fall or let fall; to go lower

• drown - v. to die under water

• drug - n. anything used as a medicine or in making medicine; a chemical substance used to ease pain or to affect the mind

• dry - ad. not wet; without rain

• during - ad. through the whole time; while (something is happening)

• dust - n. pieces of matter so small that they can float in the air

• duty - n. one's job or responsibility; what one must do because it is right and just

E

• each - ad. every one by itself

• early - ad. at or near the beginning, especially the beginning of the day; opposite late

• earn - v. to be paid in return for work done

• earth - n. the planet we all live on; the ground or soil

• earthquake - n. a sudden, violent shaking of the earth's surface

• ease - v. to reduce; to make less difficult

• east - n. the direction from which the sun rises

• easy - ad. not difficult; not hard to do

• eat - v. to take food into the body through the mouth

• ecology - n. the scientific study of the environment and links among living and material things

• economy - n. the system by which money, industry and trade are organized

• edge - n. the line where something ends or begins

• education - n. the act of teaching

• effect - n. the result or change caused by something ("The storm had a serious effect on the economy.")

• effort - n. an attempt; the work necessary to do something

• egg - n. the rounded object containing unborn young produced by female birds, fish or reptiles; a single cell in a female person or animal that can develop into a baby

• either - ad. one of two, but not the other

• elect - v. to choose by voting

• electricity - n. a form of energy that flows through wires to provide heat and light, and power to machines

• embassy - n. the offices of an ambassador and his or her assistants

• emergency - n. an unexpected and dangerous situation demanding quick action

• emotion - n. a strong feeling such as love, hate, fear or sadness

• employ - v. to give work in return for wages

• empty - ad. having nothing inside; v. to remove everything

• end - v. to stop; to finish; n. the part which comes last

• enemy - n. a person opposing or hating another; a person or people of the other side in a war

• energy - n. power used to do work, usually with machines; the ability and willingness to be active

• enforce - v. to make something be done

• engine - n. a machine that uses energy to cause movement or to do work

• engineer - n. a person who designs engines, machines, roads, bridges or railroads

• enjoy - v. to be pleased or satisfied by something

• enough - ad. as much as necessary; pro. the amount needed

• enter - v. to come or go into

• environment - n. all surrounding things, conditions and influences that affect life; the natural world of land, sea, air, plants and animals

• equal - ad. the same in amount, size, weight or value; having the same rights

• equipment - n. things, tools or machines needed for a purpose or activity

• escape - v. to get free; to get away from; to get out of

• especially - ad. more than others ("We liked the food, especially the fish.")

• establish - v. to bring into existence; to create

• estimate - v. to form an opinion about a value, size or amount using less than complete information

• ethnic - ad. of or concerning people belonging to a large group because of their race, religion, language, tribe or where their ancestors lived

• evaporate - v. to change from a liquid into a gas

• even - ad. in a way not thought possible ("They survived, even though the building was destroyed.")

• event - n. that which happens, especially something of importance

• ever - ad. at any time

• every - ad. each one; all

• evidence - n. material or facts that prove something; a reason for believing

• evil - ad. not good; extremely bad

• exact - ad. having no mistakes; correct in every detail

• examine - v. to study closely

• example - n. a part that shows what the rest of a thing or group is like

• excellent - ad. extremely good

• except - prep. but for

• exchange - v. to trade; to give or receive one thing for another

• excuse - v. to take away blame; to pardon; to forgive; n. a reason (sometimes false) for an action

• execute - v. to kill

• exercise - n. an activity or effort for the purpose of improving the body or to stay in good health

• exile - v. to force a person to leave his or her country; to expel; n. a person who is forced to leave his or her country

• exist - v. to be; to live

• expand - v. to make larger; to grow larger

• expect - v. to think or believe that something will happen; to wait for an event

• expel - v. to force out; to remove from; to send away

• experience - v. to live through an event, situation or condition ("She experienced great pain."); n. something that one has done or lived through ("The experience caused her great pain.")

• experiment - v. to test; n. a test or trial carried out to prove if an idea is true or false, or to discover something

• expert - n. a person with special knowledge or training

• explain - v. to give reasons for; to make clear; to tell about; to tell the meaning

• explode - v. to break apart violently with a loud noise, like a bomb

• explore - v. to travel in a place that is not well known to learn more about it; to make a careful search; to examine closely

• export - v. to send to another country; n. something sent to another country, usually for sale

• express - v. to say clearly

• extend - v. to stretch out in area or length; to continue for a longer time

• extra - ad. more than normal, expected or necessary

• extreme - ad. more than the usual or accepted

• extremist - n. a person with strong religious or political beliefs who acts in an extreme or violent way

F

• face - n. the front of the head: eyes, nose, mouth; v. to look toward; to turn toward; to have before you, such as a problem or danger

• fact - n. something known or proved to be true

• factory - n. a building or group of buildings where goods are made

• fail - v. to not succeed; to not reach a goal

• fair - ad. just; honest; what is right

• fall - v. to go down quickly; to come down; to drop to the ground or a lower position

• false - ad. not true; not correct

• family - n. the group that includes children and their parents

• famous - ad. known very well to many people

• far - ad. at, to or from a great distance

• farm - n. land used to grow crops and animals for food

• fast - ad. moving or working at great speed; quick

• fat - n. tissue in the bodies of humans and animals used to store energy and to keep warm; ad. thick; heavy

• father - n. the male parent; a man who has a child or children

• fear - v. to be afraid; to worry that something bad is near or may happen ("He feared falling down."); n. a strong emotion when there is danger or trouble ("He had a fear that he would fall down.")

• federal - ad. of or having to do with a national or central government

• feed - v. to give food to

• feel - v. to have or experience an emotion; to know by touching

• female - n. a woman or girl; the sex that gives birth; ad. of or about women

• fence - n. something around an area of land to keep animals or people in or out

• fertile - ad. rich in production of plants or animals; producing much

• few - ad. not many; a small number of

• field - n. an area of open land, usually used to grow crops or to raise animals

• fierce - ad. extremely strong; violent; angry

• fight - v. to use violence or force; to attempt to defeat or destroy an enemy; n. the use of force; a battle

• fill - v. to put or pour something into a container until there is space for no more

• film - v. to record something so it can be seen again; to make a motion picture or movie; n. a thin piece of material for making pictures with a camera; a movie

• final - ad. at the end; last

• financial - ad. of or about the system that includes the use of money, credit, investments and banks

• find - v. to discover or learn something by searching or by accident; to decide a court case ("The jury finds the man guilty of murder.")

• fine - n. a payment ordered by a court to punish someone for a crime; ad. very good; very small or thin

• finish - v. to complete; to end

• fire - v. to shoot a gun; n. the heat and light produced by something burning

• fireworks - n. rockets producing bright fire in the sky, used in holiday celebrations

• firm - ad. not easily moved or changed ("She is firm in her opinion.")

• first - ad. coming before all others

• fish - n. a creature that lives and can breathe in water

• fit - v. to be of the correct size or shape ("These shoes fit my feet.")

• fix - v. to make good or right again

• flag - n. a piece of colored cloth used to represent a nation, government or organization

• flat - ad. smooth; having no high places

• flee - v. to run away from

• float - v. to be on water without sinking; to move or be moved gently on water or through air

• flood - v. to cover with water; n. the movement of water out of a river, lake or ocean onto land