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大 中
小 发表于 2008-7-3 15:40 只看该作者
A类训练题目
1.政府是否应该资助理科生，因为科学家为社会贡献大。
For:
1. The social development is based on science, as any high technological product derives from scientific theories.
2. The payment for those who are engaged in science is still at a low level, which should be changed. Therefore, the support from the government is indispensable.
3. Emphasis from the government will ignite the passion of citizens so that science will be promoted to a higher level.
Against:
Science and arts should be placed equally
1. It cannot be denied that the modern material aspect of civilization is created by the modern technology. It is scientists’ hard work that prospers the material life.
2. Our life is greatly enriched by the works of arts, such as literature, painting and music.
3. Without the contribution from the workers of the arts, such as social workers, litterateurs and legist, the society cannot remain healthy, peaceful and stable, and people cannot engage in the scientific work in a good environment. Therefore, it is necessary to put equal emphasis on the science and arts.
2、衡量政府成功是否以经济繁荣为标志？
For:
1. The economy is the criterion of a country or government’s success.
2. The economy is the fundamental of everything.
3. Without economic prosperity, happiness is just the castle in the air.
4. The economic situation is the most objective criterion.
5. A powerful economy is the cornerstone of social development. With a strong economy, we can have a comprehensive welfare system accessible to all citizens.
6. With a sound economy, our people will have sufficient access to free medical care and education.
7. Along with economic prosperity, our national defense system will be greatly enhanced.
Against:
1. The criterion of a country or government’s success should be citizens’ satisfaction to the country or the government.
2. The criterion of a country or government’s success should be the country’s comprehensive strength.
3. With money while devoid of sense of security, life will become dull and monotonous.
4. Money is omnipotent, so that economic level isn’t everything of a country.
5. Without a sense of security, a democratic atmosphere, economic prosperity doesn't mean everything.
6. It is not uncommon that in some countries that boast so-called economic prosperity, corruption and discrimination are prevalent.
3、强迫退休制度
For:
1. Every one is human with limited energy and vigor; therefore, after an exhausting working life, one tends to be increasingly slow both in mind and action. Remaining in one’s post would undoubtedly impair one’s physical and emotional health.
2. When one reaches an old age, he/she tends to be more conservative and reluctant to accept new ideas and innovations. They are likely to adhere to past practices and old ways. One’s originality and creativity will dry out. They always hesitate to strive forward.
3. Too many old people remaining in high positions will hinder the development of society.
4. Offer more employment opportunities and promotion to the young so that they will be able to give full play to their talent.
5. If one never stops working, what’s the point of life?
Against:
1. Different occupations have their diverse traits and distinguishing features. Some jobs call for special psychological requirements. For example, professors, doctors and research fellows are always required to work into their seventies for their rich experience and academic achievements, while professional athletes, such as gymnasts, retire even at the age of twenty.
2. Some people think working gives them the mental satisfaction/contentment and a role in society. If they are obliged to withdraw from work to complete domesticity, they will feel that they are abandoned by the society and useless. Work brings social and personal esteem.
3. It is regarded as a breadwinning process. Retirement will bring about some financial troubles.
4. It is unfair to some people who have studied for years to obtain a higher degree. If they are required to retire at the same age as those who receive shorter schooling, they cannot enjoy the same length of working. It is also a great waste of talents.
5. Thanks to the improvement in medical science, people enjoy a much life span/expectancy. We should redefine the term “old age”.
6. Chronological age is not always a true indicator of one’s capabilities.
7. It would be more economical to some employers to retain the old hands than to spend more time and money training greenhands.
8. Older workers usually are more stable, skilled and experienced than younger ones. It is deemed as an economic asset.
Conclusion/suggestion:
1. One’s retirement age should be decided according to one’s own conditions and willingness. We shall adopt a flexible and rational retirement age so that different age can have a chance to give play to their talents and wisdom.
2. We should implement the policy of mandatory retirement, because it really brings us a good many benefits. The policy is not only good to the old, but also beneficial to the young.
4、体罚是否为好的教育方式
FOR:
1. We should teach children to respect discipline.
2. Discipline is the basis of all achievement.
3. Children are hardy creatures.
4. It moulds strong and real character.
5. It helps to reinforce the authority of teachers and parents.
6. Sometimes children will test the patience of their parents and teacher; teachers and parents should not be too permissive; otherwise they will spoil the children.
7.  ermissiveness results in undisciplined children.
8. arental laxity leads to the spread of juvenile delinquency.
Against:
1. Children shouldn’t be exposed to parental abuse (emotionally and physically).
2. It seriously violates the legal rights and interests of children.
3. It is tremendously cold-blooded and unhealthy, resulting in life-long adverse/negative repercussions/rebellious reaction.
4. It endangers children’ physical and mental development.
5. Not “you spare the rod” but “spare” the “reaction and attention” and you spoil the child. We should employ moderate and appropriate discipline.
6. It is a kind of brutality and cruelty which may lead to injury or even death of the student.
7. Achieve the reverse result.
8. Research reveals that students who suffer from corporal punishment tend to resort to violence in their future life.
5、小孩是学会竞争还是合作
For Competition:
1. Competition is inevitable; it’s human nature.
2. Competition builds character; it strengthens our self-esteem.
3. Competition is regarded as an open and fair race where success goes to the swiftest people regardless of their social status.
4. Competition is required to help us reach our fullest potential.
5. Natural selection and survival of the fittest.
For Cooperation:
1. Cooperation offers us a break from the pressure and stress of competition.
2. A win-win approach tends to fosters exploration of the root causes of the conflict and leads to constructive, sustainable solutions with positive expectation for future encounters.
3. Cooperative groups display more coordinated efforts, more division of labor, more acceptance of other ideas, and fewer communication difficulties than competitive groups.
4. Two heads are better than one.
5. Cooperation is marvelously successful at helping children to communicate effectively, to trust in others and to accept those who are different from themselves.
6、广泛使用机器人是好事还是坏事
For:
1. The employment of robots on assembly lines saves a lots of labor forces.
2. This trend not only improves the work efficiency, but also enhances accuracy.
3. Robots can take the place of human beings and work in the dangerous environment or the places not accessible for us.
4. Robots can work around the clock, never knowing tiredness.
Against:
1. As robots are designed by human beings, what they do is just to follow the instruction and preset programming by human being.
2. Once there is something wrong with the electric or programms, robot will become a good-to-nothing machine.
3. Robots cannot work creatively when confronted with complicated situations.
4. With the excessive dependence on robots, human beings will degenerate into a kind of animals that only to take food.
7、明星高薪是否合理？
For:
1. The stars are talented people.
2. Their brilliant performances enrich people’s cultural/spiritual life, which partly contributes to the spiritual civilization.
3. They bring great pleasure and happiness to ordinary people. They make money by means of their skills and they deserve it. No one forces you to pay for his/her performance. Both are willing.
4. Some of the stars also have undergone painstaking training and practice. No pains, no gains. The road to success may not be easy for most pop stars, which may set examples for the youngsters.
5. Different occupations or professions can command a different amount of money.
6. They sacrifice a lot for what they gain including privacy.
7. They bring benefits to the tertiary industry and prosper some professions like entertainment and related ventures.
8. It is an inevitable outcome of the market economy. We should not make a fuss of it. It is decided by the market.
Against:
1. We should value the talents who promote the welfare of the society as a whole rather than these pop stars.
2. We can live without pop stars, but cannot without a doctor or a teacher. Our society can proceed well without these stars.
3. The value of knowledge is depreciating.
4. Discourage /strike the initiative and zeal of people in other fields.
5. Impose an adverse influence on the development of the next generation, which may easily become money-oriented.
6. This phenomenon, to some extent, even contaminates the order of the day/general mood.
7. What they pay cannot equal their gain.
8. They make little contribution to the development of the society compared with the scientists.
9. With the quick-earned money the pop star’s vanity may quickly expand and their souls may be distorted.
Conclusion:
It is essential that effective measures should be taken to redress such inequality and disparity. The government should levy heavier income tax on these stars in order to narrow the gap between the income of so-called pop stars and that of the ordinary professions such as doctors and teachers.
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